Aortic aneurysm repair is a critical procedure designed to prevent a potentially life-threatening rupture in the aorta, the body's main artery. The duration of aortic aneurysm surgery varies depending on the type of aneurysm, the surgical method used, and the patient’s overall health condition. On average, the surgery can take anywhere from two to six hours. While endovascular repair may take less time than open surgery, both require careful pre-operative planning and post-operative recovery. Understanding the timeline and process helps patients and their families prepare mentally and physically for this major cardiovascular intervention.
An aortic aneurysm occurs when a section of the aorta becomes weakened and bulges outward. This condition can develop in different parts of the aorta, such as the abdominal or thoracic region. Left untreated, an aneurysm may rupture, leading to internal bleeding and, in many cases, death. Early diagnosis and timely treatment significantly improve outcomes.
Open surgery involves a large incision in the chest or abdomen to directly access and repair the damaged section of the aorta. The weakened portion is replaced with a synthetic graft. This traditional method is often necessary for large or complex aneurysms.
Surgery Duration: Typically, open aortic aneurysm surgery lasts between 4 to 6 hours. However, the length can extend depending on complications or patient-specific factors like previous surgeries or underlying conditions.
This is a minimally invasive alternative that uses a catheter to insert a stent graft through the arteries to reinforce the aorta. EVAR is preferred when the aneurysm’s shape and location allow.
Surgery Duration: EVAR usually takes around 2 to 3 hours. Although quicker than open surgery, it still requires careful imaging and precision placement.
Large or thoracic aneurysms tend to be more complex and may take longer to repair. Abdominal aneurysms, particularly when caught early, may be addressed faster.
As mentioned, EVAR typically requires less time than open repair. However, some patients are not candidates for EVAR and must undergo the longer open procedure.
Specialized cardiovascular centers with experienced surgeons may perform the surgery more efficiently, reducing time under anesthesia and improving outcomes.
Patients with heart disease, kidney issues, or lung conditions may face longer surgeries due to the need for additional precautions and care during the procedure.
Patients typically undergo a thorough evaluation including imaging studies like CT scans, echocardiograms, and blood tests. This process ensures the surgical team has all the necessary information to choose the right technique and anticipate challenges.
Preparation also includes fasting, medication adjustments, and sometimes, pre-admission to monitor blood pressure and other vital signs.
Once the patient is under general anesthesia, the surgeon begins the selected repair method. In open surgery, the damaged aortic tissue is removed and replaced with a graft. In EVAR, a catheter-based stent graft is inserted through the femoral artery and positioned under X-ray guidance.
Throughout the operation, anesthesiologists and nurses monitor vital functions closely. Efficiency and safety are the top priorities, especially when working near major organs.
Postoperative care varies with the procedure type. Open surgery often requires a hospital stay of 5–10 days, while EVAR patients may go home within 2–3 days. Recovery involves wound care, medication, and follow-up imaging to ensure the repair is stable.
Full recovery from open aortic aneurysm repair may take 6 to 12 weeks. In contrast, patients who undergo EVAR may resume normal activities within 2 to 4 weeks, depending on individual healing.
Symptoms such as sudden back or abdominal pain, rapid heartbeat, fainting, or dizziness may indicate a ruptured aneurysm. Immediate emergency care is necessary in these cases. Early detection through regular checkups is essential, especially for those with risk factors like smoking, high blood pressure, or family history.
The duration of aortic aneurysm repair varies based on the type of procedure, the complexity of the aneurysm, and individual patient health. Open surgery may take up to six hours, while endovascular options often take less time but require careful patient selection. Regardless of the method used, prompt and well-planned surgical treatment plays a vital role in preventing life-threatening complications and restoring vascular health. Always consult your healthcare provider to understand which surgical option suits your condition best.